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Baqi Urmançe
Urmançe Ğäbdelbaqí İdris ulı (pronounced (:urmanˈɕe ɣæbˌdelʲbʌˈqɯɪ idˌrisuˈlɯ)), Baqi Urmançe ((:bʌˈqɯɪ urmanˈɕe); Janalif: Baqi Urmance; Tatar Cyrillic: Урманче Бакый (Габделбакый) Идрис улы; (ロシア語:Урманче́ Баки́ (Габделбакы́й) Идри́сович), Urmanche Baki (Gabdelbaky) Idrisovich; 23 February 1897 - 6 August 1990) was a Tatar painter, sculptor and graphic artist, and a pedagogue. He received the following awards and titles: People's Artist of Tatar ASSR (1960), People's Artist of the Russian SFSR (1982), and laureate of the Ğabdulla Tuqay Tatar ASSR State Prize (1967).
==Early life==
He was born on February 23, 1897 in Kül Çerkene, a village in the modern Buinsky District of Tatarstan as Ğäbdelbaqí Urmançiev. In 1907 the Urmançievs moved to Kazan, where Baqi entered ''Möxämmädiä'' madrassah. Studying at the madrassa, he became interested in Oriental languages and Tatar poetry. Ğabdulla Tuqay's poetry particularly impressed him. Other hobbies of his included drawing and playing the violin. However, Urmançe failed to pass the entrance examinations for the Kazan Artist school, so in 1914 he began to work as a loader in the Urals and afterward in Siberia. In 1916, he was mobilized into the army. But his violin, pencil, and water-colors were always with him.
During the 1917 Russian Revolution Baqi became a soldier's deputy. In 1918 the Kazan Art School was reformed into the ''Free Art and Technical Workshops'' and in 1919 he became a student. It was his cherished dream. The beginning of this program of study was a critical moment in his life. He studied sculpture with G. I. Kozlov, painting with V. K. Timofeyev, and drawing with N. S. Shikalov. After a short mobilization into the Red Army, he was detached to the Moscow VKhUTEMAS in 1920, where he studied on two faculties. He studied sculpture in Anna Golubkina's workshop and drawing with A. Shevchenko. He also began to study at the Institute of Oriental Studies, where he improved his foreign language skills in Arabic, Turkish, and Persian, and began to study Western languages. Urmançe returned to Kazan in 1926 where he became a teacher at the Kazan Artist Secondary school. He also took part in the reconstruction of the Kazan Art School. Between 1926 and 1929 he lectured at the school and worked in the areas of drawing, etching and illustration. Urmançe attempted to restore the tradition of ceramic production in Kazan.〔(Urmançe bio )〕
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